Chewing gum may be a silent contributor to cancer, as new research exposes the alarming presence of toxic microplastics in every chew.
Scientists warn that these microscopic plastic fragments, released directly into the mouth, may accumulate in the body over time, leading to severe health consequences, including cancer.
Toxic Plastics in Every Chew
A recent study by the University of California has found that a single piece of gum releases thousands of microplastics into the mouth.
These particles are not just an environmental hazard but pose a direct risk to human health.
Once ingested, they can enter the bloodstream, disrupt cellular function, and introduce harmful carcinogens that elevate cancer risk.
PhD researcher Lisa Lowe, who led the study, chewed seven pieces of ten different gum brands and underwent chemical analysis of her saliva.
The results were shocking: a gram of gum released an average of 100 microplastic fragments, with some pieces shedding over 600.
Given that the average stick of gum weighs around 1.5 grams, frequent gum chewers may be unknowingly consuming tens of thousands of toxic microplastics annually.
How Microplastics Contribute to Cancer
Health experts are raising concerns over the long-term impact of microplastic exposure. Dr. Richard Lukandwa, a specialist physician at Rosewell Specialist Hospital in Kampala, explains,
“Microplastics are not just physical contaminants; they carry harmful chemicals, including endocrine disruptors and known carcinogens. These substances can leach into the bloodstream, accumulate over time, and increase the risk of developing cancers, particularly in the breast, liver, and colon.”
Research supports these claims. Italian scientists recently discovered microplastics in the arteries of over half of 257 patients studied, linking their presence to higher risks of stroke, heart attacks, and increased mortality rates.
Similar mechanisms may be at play in cancer development, as microplastics trigger inflammation and oxidative stress—both key factors in tumor formation.
Uganda’s Growing Gum Habit Raises Alarm
The implications of these findings are particularly concerning for Uganda, where gum consumption is on the rise. In 2023, the country imported five million kilograms of chewing gum worth $17.6 million (sh62 billion).
The bulk of these imports came from Kenya, with additional supplies from Pakistan, the United Arab Emirates, and Poland.
Without regulatory intervention, millions of Ugandans could be at risk of long-term health complications due to unchecked microplastic exposure.
Microplastics: A Silent Threat
Microplastics, defined as plastic particles smaller than five millimeters, have infiltrated nearly every aspect of modern life.
They are found in air, water, soil, and now, alarmingly, in the human body.
Their small size allows them to enter cells and interfere with biological processes, leading to inflammation, hormonal imbalances, and chronic diseases, including cancer.
Dr. Grace Mugisha, a public health expert at Makerere University, warns,
“Unlike traditional toxins that the body can metabolize and excrete, microplastics persist in tissues.
The cumulative effect of this exposure is still being studied, but early evidence suggests severe long-term health implications, including increased cancer risk.”
Protecting Public Health: What Can Be Done?
Given the dangers posed by microplastics in chewing gum, health experts urge consumers to limit their intake. Dr. Lukandwa advises,
“People should consider alternative methods for freshening breath or managing stress. Natural options such as mint leaves or sugar-free mouth sprays may provide safer alternatives.”
Regulatory bodies, including Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) and the National Drug Authority (NDA), may need to step in to assess the safety of food additives and contaminants, including microplastics.
Public awareness campaigns could also play a crucial role in educating citizens about the hidden dangers of chewing gum and promoting healthier habits.
Final Warning
While the World Health Organization (WHO) continues to study the full impact of microplastics on human health, the evidence linking them to cancer and other serious illnesses is growing.
Until more definitive regulations are in place, individuals should take proactive steps to minimize their exposure.
The next time you reach for a piece of gum, consider the hidden risks—because what seems like a harmless habit could be a ticking time bomb for your health.
